Chat with us, powered by LiveChat

Toro 22 Recycler Lawn Mower: The Guide to Your Gas Self-Propelled Lawn Mower

Toro 22 Recycler Lawn Mower: The Guide to Your Gas Self-Propelled Lawn Mower
Benefits of Using the Toro Recycler Lawn Mower
Facebook
Twitter
Reddit
LinkedIn

Homeowners looking for an excellent, reliable, and easy-to-use solution for a perfect lawn maintenance find in the Toro 22 Recycler Lawn Mower a truly game-changing invention. A self-propelled gas mower, this mode of lawnmower combines the newest features with powerful performance and stands out as a worthy product for anyone seeking to take their lawn care to the next level. In this extensive guide, we shall unpack every aspect that you should be aware of regarding the Toro 22 Recycler, starting with technology and then onto tips for maximizing your investment. Whether you are a first-time user or a seasoned lawn enthusiast, this article will give you the essential information and insight to achieve that perfect cut—and that perfect lawn.

Overview of the Toro Recycler 22

Overview of the Toro Recycler 22
Overview of the Toro Recycler 22

The Toro Recycler 22 is a robust, user-friendly lawn mower in efficient grass cutting and mulching. Equipped with a steel cutting deck of 22 sq. in., it gives excellent coverage of a medium- to large-sized yard. The mower’s Recycler Cutting System chips grass clippings into kind of sick mulch that helps repair the lawn. The engine is very powerful without using too much fuel, and it offers variable cutting heights and a self-propelled system for easy maneuvering. With durability and convenience built into the Toro Recycler 22, it is the best choice for a well-maintained lawn with the least effort.

Introduction to the Toro 22

The Toro Recycler 22 is equipped with innovative tech to improve performance and ease of use. The 22-inch cutting deck allows the no-nonsense mower to take on any medium-to-large lawn with utmost accuracy. It is powered by the reputable 150cc Briggs & Stratton engine, which gives it great fuel efficiency and great performance. Its Recycler Cutting System finely turns the grass clippings into nutrient-rich mulch, which then gets deposited onto the lawn, thus providing a walking path in which to grow.

For user convenience, the self-propelled system reduces user fatigue by smoothly responding to walking speed. With an adjustable cutting height of one to four inches, this mower is versatile in that it can be set for different grass varieties and seasonal needs. Designed with a steel deck, the mower combines durability with ultimate performance.

More recent user data have emphasized its bagging capabilities, which have seen, in fact, up to 25 percent increase in the efficiency of the collection of grass clippings. This promotes a cleaner mowing level of service with less time in the cleanup of the yard. Combine this with the easy-start engine, folding handle for storing in compact space, and the Toro Recycler 22 is yet again one of those brands for the lawn care enthusiasts who look for convenience with quality.

Key Features of the Toro Recycler

  1. SmartStow Technology

The Toro Recycler 22 is equipped with SmartStow, allowing the mower to be stored upright, reducing storage space by up to 70%. This feature also makes cleaning and maintenance more accessible, ensuring a hassle-free experience for users with limited storage areas.

  1. Powerful Engine Performance

This mower is powered by a 150cc Briggs & Stratton engine, offering robust and reliable operation. The powerful engine ensures consistent performance even in challenging mowing conditions, such as overgrown or wet grass.

  1. 21-Inch Steel Cutting Deck

The durable 21-inch steel cutting deck effectively cuts grass in a single pass while delivering excellent mulching capabilities. This design also enhances bagging efficiency, providing users with a complete lawn care solution that combines durability with functionality.

  1. Enhanced Grass Clipping Bagging

Recent innovations in bagging technology have improved the Toro Recycler’s grass clipping collection by up to 25%. This enhancement ensures fewer interruptions during mowing sessions and significantly reduces the amount of post-mowing yard cleanup, saving both time and effort.

  1. Personal Pace System

The Personal Pace self-propulsion system adapts to the user’s walking speed, offering a smooth and intuitive mowing experience. Whether you’re tackling hilly terrains or flat surfaces, this feature ensures optimal comfort and control throughout the mowing process.

  1. Recycler Cutting System

The exclusive Recycler Cutting System finely shreds grass clippings into nutrient-rich mulch, which is redistributed back onto the lawn. This feature promotes healthier grass growth and reduces the need for additional fertilizers.

  1. Adjustable Mowing Height

With a 9-position height adjustment system, users can easily set cutting heights ranging from 1 to 4 inches. This flexibility allows customization to achieve the perfect cut tailored to various grass types and growing conditions.

  1. Quick and Easy Start

The Toro Recycler 22 features a no-prime, no-choke starting system, ensuring the mower starts effortlessly with just one pull. This reliability minimizes frustration and maximizes efficiency during lawn care tasks.

  1. Durability and Longevity

The mower’s steel deck, alongside its high-quality components, ensures long-lasting performance over years of use, even under demanding conditions. With proper care, the Toro Recycler 22 is built to withstand regular wear and tear.

  1. User-Friendly Design

The foldable handle not only supports compact storage but also adds to the mower’s portability. Combined with its ergonomic design, this mower delivers an effortless and comfortable user experience, catering to both seasoned and novice lawn care enthusiasts.

Understanding Personal Pace® Technology

Toro’s Personal Pace® Technology is a lawn-care revolution with the possibilities of adaptability and convenience that are second-to-none. This wireless system parameters control: the real-time speed of the mower depends on that of the operator. For example, various studies say that people generally tend to walk somewhere between 2.5 and 3.5 miles per hour, and the Personal Pace® system accommodates these kinds of variations without any problems.

What sets this one off the beaten track is a sensor mechanism that senses how fast you push your mower and matches the torque to that drive level in the drive system. Simple, effortless mowing leads to minimal exertion; you will feel less tired than ever while consistently controlling your mower even on slopes and terrains hard to drag along. Some statistical reports bring forth that consumers with this feature gained from being more efficient and, in fact, finish the yard work faster than just the commonly used mowers.

The system also helps to provide better traction and maneuverability. When negotiating tight corners, trees, or edges, Personal Pace® Technology provides a smooth operation without compromising the quality of the cut. The technology, thus, promises the utmost convenience and precision and makes for an ideal solution for homeowners looking for a user-centric platform to maintain their lawn.

Specifications and Performance

Specifications and Performance
Specifications and Performance

Powered by a high-performance engine, providing reliable power for different sizes of lawns. Made with Personal Pace® Technology, it adjusts to your walking speed, making it easier to use and to ensure an even cut. The 22-inch cutting width offers efficient coverage, while the steel deck provides durability. Cutting height adjustment from 1 to 4 inches allows its users to ensure that they perform the final look of their lawns. It also features bagging and mulching options for different styles of grass clipping control to suit yard care demands. These features are the right combination for user satisfaction and performance.

Engine Specifications: Briggs & Stratton 163cc Exi

Briggs & Stratton 163cc EXi engine has been specially created for grandeur performance and reliability. With 7.25 ft-lbs of gross torque, this engine generates more than sufficient power to effortlessly accomplish a handful of lawnmowing tasks. The advanced EXi technology means you never do an oil change; all you have to do is merely check and top up the oil if needed-so maintenance becomes a whole lot easier and quicker.

With its precision overhead valve (OHV) design, the engine efficiently combusts the fuel for optimized performance and lower emissions. The 163cc displacement is the perfect middle ground between power output and fuel efficiency navigating into the smooth running of the engine, performing even under strenuous conditions. It has been designed to be quiet and durable, augmented by vibration dampening components and an onboard muffler system.

Featuring a robust air filter and a dual-element filtration system that looks after the engine against debris and contaminants, it is built for longevity. Its easy-start system assures reliable ignition with mere minimum effort, thus letting the user get cracking in no time. Hence, all of these aspects make Briggs & Stratton 163cc EXi an exquisite choice for lawncare equipment that requires both high performance and low maintenance.

Cutting Performance and Efficiency

The 163cc Briggs & Stratton EXi engine is designed to provide a cutting capability perfectly suited for lawn-care tasks requiring speed and precision. With its innovative blade pattern and high torque output, this engine can make a crisp cut, even on thick or damp grass. The excellent design of the engine reduces bogging, so one can complete a task very quickly while conserving their time and energy.

Data shows a potential fuel saving of 30% over a standard model in this category, thus presenting one of the more environmentally friendly options that do not compromise power. Moreover, being compatible with an optimized cutting deck improves airflow to reduce clumps, allowing grass to be evenly dispersed in the hand of a well-finished carpet. These are the factors that make the Briggs & Stratton 163cc EXi engine a trusted choice when one seeks a spotless performance in the service of operational efficiency.

Self-Propelled Wheel Drive Mechanics

Self-propelled wheel drives are one of the innovations incorporated in contemporary lawn mowers designed with the objective of lessening the operator’s workload and increase cutting efficiency. These systems are a combination of advanced gears, belts, and drive mechanisms that engage the mower’s wheels, pushing it forward with minimum effort exerted by the user. One of the important benefits that this technology possesses is its ability to adapt to various terrains ranging from slopes, uneven grounds, and to vast lawns.

According to consumer reports and industrial data, the presence of a powered wheel system makes self-propelled mowers capable of reducing mowing time by about 30%, compared to their push-mower counterparts. Variable-speed models, however, allow the user to control the speed of the mower so that the pace equals the user’s speed of walking. This ability adds to the ergonomic features and ease of use. Another important factor in ergonomic and comfort features is whether the model is front-wheel-drive or rear-wheel-drive. The rear-wheel drive is best for hilly or rough terrain, whilst the front-wheel is better for flat lawns with many obstacles.

The integration of user-friendly controls such as single-lever drive activation and various improvements in wheel tread design has also enhanced overall control and maneuverability. These ensure even and consistent cutting while reducing operator fatigue and time. In combination with the high-efficiency engines, self-propelled wheel-drive mechanics emerge as an important development from a perspective that requires ease of use and very fine lawn care performance.

Benefits of Using the Toro Recycler Lawn Mower

Benefits of Using the Toro Recycler Lawn Mower
Benefits of Using the Toro Recycler Lawn Mower

1. Cutting Power Above the Rest

The lawn mower proven to offer a smooth and equal cut all over the lawn for better appearance is the Toro Recycler.

2. Time Savings in Design

The self-propelled drive system provides for less physical effort, faster mowing, and essentially easier mowing of larger yards.

3. Multipurpose Uses with Recycler Technology

With the Toro Recycler technology present on the mower, grass clippings are finely pulverized into rich mulch, which is distributed as nourishment to the soil.

4. Easy to Use

The controls are intuitive, and the mower is lightweight and easy to move about. This makes it-user friendly for all skill levels.

5. Durability and Reliability

Comprising amazing materials and power engines, the Toro Recycler Lawn Mower provides for years with operational dependability.

These characteristics make it a functional, dependable solution to lawn-care tasks undertaken for effortless professional results.

Enhanced User Experience with Personal Pace®

Personal Pace® revolutionized mowing by seeming to flow with your step; thereby providing a real-life experience for everybody, irrespective of skill level. The mower’s self-speed feature allows it to move smoothly around obstacles and uneven terrain. New lawn-care technological innovations allow self-paced mowers to reduce the operator’s fatigue by almost 38 percent as compared to the fixed-speed mowers, thereby improving productivity during prolonged use.

In addition, the traction system has been improved and is highly responsive, ensuring good grip and control, especially on slopes and wet grass. Regular users testify to a phenomenal improvement in mowing, giving them about a 20% saving in time per session on average. These enhancements basically highlight the Toro Recycler Lawn Mower’s commitment to two things: precision performance and a modern touch of convenience.

Time-Saving Features of the Recycler® Mower

The Toro Recycler® Mower is a perfect amalgamation of an advanced technology and a beautifully crafted modern design to accomplish more by doing less. The patented Recycler® Cutting System minimizes the grass clippings, using them as nutrient-rich mulch, and hence, no need to bag, assuring that you fully utilize mowing time. Independent evaluators indicate that this system can reduce lawn-mowing postcleaning by as much as 25%, making it an effective solution for time-constrained homeowners.

Also, the AutoMatic Drive System® in the Recycler® allows you to set the flow of pace automatically to maintain the walking position, thus providing a smooth operation. This allows a smoother mopping with enhanced comfort and significantly reduces the strain imposed by conventional mowing, which means users can cover a larger area quickly.

High-wheel design and heavy-duty 11-inch rear wheels assist those confronting changeable landscapes or uneven plots top-notch navigation and seamless maneuverability. This helps the mower rapidly shift from one surface to another, delivering total coverage without requiring extra time or effort. A quick wash port for deck cleaning makes sure that the torso Recycler Weg  mower offers a fast and efficient lawn care experience fit for a modern lifestyle.

Environmental Benefits of Gas Lawn Mowers

Compared with older, less efficient designs, gas lawn mowers with modern efficiency standards can provide a few environment-friendly benefits. Contemporary gas-powered lawn mowers come with new generation engines, which, abiding by rigid emission standards, reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere, especially carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide. For example, the new generation models, with EPA-accepted engines on board, emit greenhouse gases at the rate of almost 50% in comparison to their older counterparts, which reduces the overall impact on the environment.

By way of contrast, fuel-saving technology also helps to reduce fuel consumption and can thus decrease emission output over time. This is usually done in coordination with governmental and industry-led efforts to ensure that outdoor power equipment is greener while maintaining performance. At the same time, some manufacturers also consider measures that ensure ease of recycle and minimize waste from manufacture, thus fostering an environmentally conscious approach from design to disposal. Homeowners who select gas mowers carrying these features can bring their landscaping into the environment.

Comparative Analysis with Other Lawn Mowers

Comparative Analysis with Other Lawn Mowers
Comparative Analysis with Other Lawn Mowers

Some gas mowers, probably the most power-heavy, can easily handle larger lawns, unlike their electric and manual brethren. Gas mowers usually run longer and do not require charging, and they perfectly tackle thick, tough grass that an electric mower might have difficulty with. Manual reel mowers are actually very green and quiet but require massive amounts of physical work and are not feasible on large yards. Electric mowers might be a greener option and are quieter than their gas counterparts, but when it comes to the power department, they might get the upper hand over dust on uneven land or tough vegetation. Homeowners looking for some efficiency and coverage for medium or large lawns will find gas mowers to be an ideal balance between performance and reliability.

Toro Recycler 22 vs Other Gas Lawn Mowers

The Toro Recycler 22 stands out among other gas lawn mowers for its Personal Pace Auto-Drive, FLEX Handle Suspension, SmartStow storage, and Recycler mulching technology, offering a balance of comfort, efficiency, and sustainability.

Key Point Toro Recycler 22 Other Gas Mowers

Engine

163cc Briggs & Stratton

Varies (Honda, Kohler, etc.)

Cut Width

22 inches

21-30 inches

Drive

Rear-wheel, self-propel

Push/self-propel

Storage

SmartStow (vertical)

Standard

Comfort

FLEX Handle Suspension

Basic handles

Mulching

Recycler tech

Standard mulching

Warranty

5 years

2-5 years

Price

$519-$569

$400-$700

Target Yard

Up to 1 acre

Varies

Tech

MyToro app compatible

Limited tech features

Pros and Cons Compared to Electric Mowers

The Toro Recycler 22 offers greater power and runtime compared to electric mowers but lacks the quiet operation, eco-friendliness, and low maintenance of electric models.

Key Point Toro Recycler 22 Electric Mowers

Power

High (gas engine)

Moderate (battery)

Runtime

Unlimited (refuel)

Limited (battery life)

Noise

Loud

Quiet

Eco

Emits gas

Zero emissions

Maintenance

Regular (oil, gas)

Minimal

Startup

Pull cord

Push button

Weight

Heavier

Lighter

Price

$519-$569

$300-$700

Storage

SmartStow (vertical)

Compact

Durability

High

Moderate

Value for Money in the Lawn Mowing Market

When talking about lawn mowers, wants of value for the money are indeed crucial for an average homeowner. Gas mowers such as the Toro Recycler 22 offer a good balance between performance and longevity for the price. According to the recent figures, gas mowers, on an average, last for 7-10 years when well maintained, making them economical for consistent lawn maintenance. This durability often pays off for the more prominent upfront expense of a gas mower as contrasted with electric models that last only about 5-7 years due to the gradual decay of batteries.

Electric mowers are more efficient in terms of cost of running. They cost less to run with an average electricity cost of $0.20-$0.50 per mowing as compared to a cost of $1-$2 for an hour of gasoline for a gas mower, depending on the prevailing rate of fuel. While the initial costs of electric models and battery-powered models in particular are essentially on par with gas models, the fuel and maintenance saving counts a lot toward making electric mowers a good option for parties with smaller yards and who are eco-conscious.

Power and coverage become another factor of evaluation. With higher torque, gas mowers deliver severe results through thick grass and give excellent results through uneven terrain. For large lawns, gas mowers can cover much more ground because they have large cutting widths and run for long without recharging. Electric mowers, on the other hand, are truly for the smaller lawn where maneuverability and quiet operation are considered important.

Ultimately, it all boils down to priorities. If a homeowner is looking for long-term tough performance with a bit of power, then gas mowers seem to have that edge. On the other hand, the buyer who is after low running costs and environmental considerations will probably find modern electric mower worth the investment.

Maintenance Tips for Optimal Performance

Maintenance Tips for Optimal Performance
Maintenance Tips for Optimal Performance

1. Regular Cleaning: After every use, clean out the mower from grass clippings, dirt, and debris to prevent them from building up and affecting performance. Focus on cleaning the deck’s underside and cutting blades.
2. Blade Sharpening: Sharpen blades at least once during the mowing season to ensure even and clean cutting, thus promoting healthier grass growth.
3. Oil and Filter Changes (Gas Mowers): Keep the oil and air filters replaced as per the manufacturer’s instructions and recommendations; this will keep the engine running smoothly.
4. Battery Care (Electric Mowers): Ensure the battery is fully charged before use and keep it stored in a cool, dry location for optimal battery lifespan and efficiency.
5. Inspect and Tighten Parts: Keep a constant lookout for loose bolts and screws or other constituents that require tightening.
6. Replace Worn Parts: Check for wear or damage to components such as spark plugs (gas mowers) and belts and replace them whenever necessary.
7. Storage Guidelines: Store mowers in a dry, covered area during off-season. For gas mowers, the fuel should be drained or stabilised to prevent problems caused to the engine.

Regular Maintenance Checklist

  1. Change Oil Regularly

For gas-powered mowers, ensure the oil is changed every 25-50 hours of use or at the beginning of each mowing season. Clean, fresh oil helps maintain engine efficiency and reduces wear on internal components.

  1. Clean the Mower Deck

After each use, clear out grass clippings, dirt, and debris from the deck. Built-up debris can block the blade’s movement, reducing cutting performance and potentially damaging parts over time.

  1. Sharpen or Replace Blades

Dull blades tear grass instead of cutting it, making your lawn more susceptible to diseases and pests. Sharpen mower blades every 20-25 hours of use or replace them annually to maintain optimal cutting results.

  1. Check Air Filters

Dirty or clogged air filters reduce engine efficiency and increase fuel consumption. Clean or replace air filters every three months or after 25 hours of use for best performance.

  1. Inspect Tires for Proper Inflation

Check tire pressure periodically to ensure even mowing and a balanced cut. Uneven tire pressure can lead to scalping or uneven grass height in your yard.

  1. Examine Spark Plugs

Inspect spark plugs each season to ensure a steady start and efficient operation. Replace them annually or if you notice difficulty starting the engine.

  1. Monitor Fuel Quality

Use fresh, high-quality fuel to minimize engine buildup and improve combustion. If storing the mower, use a fuel stabilizer to prevent fuel degradation, which can clog the carburetor.

  1. Inspect and Tighten Hardware

Over time, vibration may loosen bolts, screws, and other components. Regularly inspect and tighten all hardware to prevent mechanical failures during operation.

  1. Lubricate Moving Parts

Keep all moving parts, such as wheels and hinges, well-lubricated to reduce friction and ensure smooth functionality over time.

  1. Check and Maintain Battery

For electric mowers, inspect the battery’s charge and connections regularly. Store batteries in a cool, dry place and charge them according to the manufacturer’s instructions to extend their lifespan.

Strategies such as following this checklist not only improve mower efficiency but also increase its life span, making it a cost-effective investment for home and professional use.

How to Store Your Toro Recycler Mower

When storing my Toro Recycler, I follow some simple steps to keep it in perfect condition. First, I clean it well, scrubbing off all the grass clippings and dust. Then I check the air filter and, if necessary, the spark plug or other parts. In the case of a gas mower, I either empty the fuel or add a fuel stabilizer so no problems arise during storage. Finally, I keep it in an area protected from moisture or rust, the very last thing one wants is a rusty mower. This ensures my mower is ready to perform when I want to.

Common Issues and Troubleshooting

Even with proper maintenance, lawn mowers can occasionally develop problems. A difficulty in starting is a common problem, which could be caused by a clogged air filter, a bad spark plug, or even stale fuel. A mere replacement of the clogged air filter, cleaning of the spark plug, or replenishing the fuel will solve the problem. The other common problem is that the mower cuts unevenly, which results from either dull or damaged blades. Sharpening or replacing the blades will enable the mower to make a clean cut on the lawn.

During operation, if the mower stalls, it is a very strong signal that either the fuel lines are clogged or the carburetor is dirty. Clean them, and you will restore optimal performance. Pay also special attention to wheels and height adjustments, since worn wheels or incorrect settings may cause cutting problems. Regular checks of the mower deck are important to confirm that it is free from buildup or anything that may inhibit blade rotation.

Electric mower battery issues include not holding enough charge and drop in battery life. These can be answered by either recharging or replacing the battery with proper storage in a temperate environment prolonging the battery life.

Use good mowing methods and take care of these issues early in their development to give the mower much longer life as well as smooth and fast mowing every time.

Reference Sources

  1. University of Maryland Digital Repository: Discusses the market share and environmental impact of gasoline-powered lawn mowers, including Toro models. 1

  2. Rochester Institute of Technology Theses Repository: Explores the design and advantages of various lawn mower technologies, including Toro Recycler models. 2

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the Toro 22 Recycler lawn mower?

The Toro 22 Recycler lawn mower is a walk-behind mower designed for efficient grass cutting. It features Toro’s innovative Recycler technology, which recycles grass clippings back into the lawn, providing nutrients and promoting a lush lawn. This model is equipped with a reliable Briggs & Stratton engine, offering 163cc of power and a guaranteed-to-start engine warranty for peace of mind.

How does the Personal Pace auto-drive™ work on the Toro Recycler?

The Personal Pace auto-drive™ system allows the mower to adjust its speed based on your walking pace, providing a comfortable and user-friendly mowing experience. This feature helps to reduce strain while mowing, making it easier to navigate your lawn.

What are the benefits of using the Toro Recycler 22 with bag on demand?

The bag on demand feature allows you to switch between mulching and bagging grass clippings quickly. This versatility enhances your mowing experience by giving you the option to collect clippings for disposal or recycling back into your lawn. The Toro Recycler 22 also offers ultra-fine clippings, which can decompose faster and enrich your soil.

How do customer reviews reflect the performance of the Toro 22 Recycler?

Customer reviews often highlight the reliability and ease of use of the Toro 22 Recycler lawn mower. Many users praise its powerful Briggs & Stratton engine, exceptional cutting performance, and the effectiveness of the Recycler technology in producing ultra-fine clippings. Overall, the feedback indicates that it is built to last and offers great value.

What maintenance kits are available for the Toro 22 Recycler lawn mower?

Maintenance kits for the Toro 22 Recycler lawn mower typically include essential components such as one spark plug, one air filter, and oil. Regular maintenance helps ensure optimal performance and longevity, allowing users to enjoy peace of mind knowing their mower is well cared for.

Can the Toro Recycler lawn mower handle different grass types?

Yes, the Toro Recycler lawn mower is designed to handle a variety of grass types, thanks to its powerful engine and cutting capabilities. With features like the standard discharge blade and vortex technology, it can efficiently cut more grass in less time, making it a versatile choice for different mowing conditions.

What is the cutting width of the Toro 22 Recycler lawn mower?

The Toro 22 Recycler lawn mower features a cutting width of 22 inches, which allows for efficient mowing over larger areas while maintaining maneuverability in tighter spaces. Its walk-behind design further enhances control, making it easier to navigate around obstacles.

How does the Toro Recycler 22 contribute to better fuel economy?

The Toro Recycler 22 is engineered for better fuel economy through its efficient Briggs & Stratton engine and optimized airflow technology. This design minimizes fuel consumption while maximizing cutting power, allowing users to mow more area with less fuel, ultimately saving money on gas.

What warranty does the Toro 22 Recycler lawn mower come with?

The Toro 22 Recycler lawn mower typically comes with a 3-year warranty, providing assurance of its quality and durability. Customers can enjoy peace of mind knowing that Toro stands behind its mowers, reflecting the brand’s commitment to customer satisfaction and product reliability.